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The qajaq (traditional Greenlandic kayak) was originally used for sea hunting and everyday transportation. It is a man-powered vessel constructed from sealskin and driftwood and propelled with a paddle. Today, most hunters use motorboats, and the traditional use of the qajaq has become limited. Instead, the qajaq is now widely recognized as a recreational activity and competitive sport for non-hunters. It remains one of the most important elements of hunting culture in Northern Greenland. Qaannat Kattuffiat (the Greenland Kayak Association) was established in 1985.
“Around 1920, sea temperatures along Greenland’s coast became warmer. Kayak hunting became less important, while fishing from motorboats became more significant. An entire generation grew up with little to no knowledge of kayak paddling.
Qaannat Kattuffiat is dedicated to keeping traditional kayak skills alive. These skills include rolling techniques, paddling techniques, kayak building, tuilik making, and other aspects of Greenlandic qajaq culture.
In 1983, three old Greenlandic kayaks from the Netherlands were loaned to the Greenland National Museum in Nuuk. Some young Greenlanders saw them on display and were impressed that their ancestors from the 1600s and 1700s had such sleek vessels and the skills to use them. These young men decided to form a club to preserve their kayaking heritage. They called it the QAJAQ Club, and soon T-shirts appeared bearing the slogan ‘QAJAQ-ATOQQILERPARPUT’ (‘Kayak – We Are Using It Again’).
From its beginning in 1984, the club grew rapidly and reached 1,000 members by the end of 1985.
The club received help from experienced kayakers who taught them how to build and use kayaks.”
– John Heath (late kayak historian who helped establish Qajaq USA), www.qajaqusa.org
Qaannat Kattuffiat regularly organizes training camps where traditional kayaking knowledge and skills are taught and practiced. The association also hosts an annual championship for juniors, seniors, and veterans.
Today, approximately 10 local Greenlandic qajaq clubs are affiliated with Qaannat Kattuffiat.
The tradition came close to disappearing, but dedicated enthusiasts such as Manasse Mathæussen and his wife Augustine Mathæussen helped keep it alive. Today, the federation has 395 members and 8 affiliated sports clubs across Greenland.
